Research and development costs rose in 2011 by 8.6% to € 1,517.1 million. Nearly half of this increase is attributable to the consolidation of the Millipore companies, whose expenses were only reflected in the income statement for half a year in 2010. Reimbursements for R&D amounting to € 22.9 million (2010: € 21.9 million) were offset against research and development costs. The breakdown of research and development costs by business sector and division is presented in the Segment Reporting (see Note [35]).
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