In 2012, royalty and license income totaled € 417.2 million (2011: € 354.2 million) and mainly included royalty and license income from the products Humira® (AbbVie Inc., formerly Abbott), Avonex® (Biogen Idec Inc.), Enbrel® (Amgen Inc.), Puregon® (Merck & Co. Inc.) and Viibryd® (Forest Laboratories Inc.), as well as income from the active pharmaceutical ingredients bisoprolol and metformin.
In 2012, commission income totaled € 14.9 million (2011: € 16.3 million). This primarily consisted of cooperation and distribution agreements. The breakdown of royalty, license and commission income by division is presented in the Segment Reporting (see Note [53]).