Due to the particular significance of the amortization of intangible assets to the Merck Group, this item is disclosed separately in the income statement. This item mainly included amortization of intangible assets in connection with the purchase price allocations for the acquisitions of Serono SA and the Millipore Corporation. Amortization of intangible assets decreased to € 813.5 million in 2013 from € 871.6 million in 2012.
Amortization amounting to € 763.9 million (2012: € 820.6 million) related to capitalized brands, marketing authorizations and customer relationships. These represent selling expenses. Further amortization of € 49.6 million (2012: € 51.0 million) was attributable to production technologies, which represent cost of sales.
Amortization of software is allocated to the respective functional costs.

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